DFM Sri Lanka literature review - Annexes

Annex 1: Production of marine fish and dried fish

Production of marine fish and dried fish

Year	Total marine	Local Dried fish	% of fresh fish
1995	217500	12000	5.52
2000	263680	24360	9.24
2005	130400	7560	5.80
2010	332260	46570	14.02
2011	385270	52230	13.56
2012	417220	61320	14.70
2013	445930	68200	15.29
2014	459300	71810	15.63
2015	452890	57450	12.69
2016	456990	64720	14.16
2017	449440	60190	13.39
2018	439370	61250	13.94

Source: MFARD 2019

Annex 2: Dried fish varieties (marine and inland)

Dried fish varieties (marine and inland)

Scientific name	English name	Sinhala name*	Tamil name*	Habitat
Small Marine Fish
Stolephorus sp.	Anchovy species (sprats)	Haalmessa	Neththili	Pelagic
Amblygaster cluepeoides	Smoothbelly sardinella	Keerameen	Mundakan kilichchi	Pelagic
Amblygaster sirm	Trenched sardinella (herring)	Hurulla	Keerimeen saalai	Pelagic
Leiognathus sp.	Pony fish species	Karalla	Vari karai	Demersal
Rastrelliger kanagurta	Indian mackerel	Kumbalava	Kanang keluththi	Pelagic
Decapterus macrosoma	Shortfin scad	Linna		Reef-associated
Large Marine Fish
Katsuwonus pelamis	Skipjack tuna	Balaya		Pelagic
Scomberoides lysan	Double-spotted queen fish	Katta		Reef-associated
Carcharhinus sp.	Shark	Mora/Keelan
Arlus thalassinus	Giant catfish	Anguluwa
Scomberomorus commersoni	Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Seer)	Thora	Arekula	Pelagic
Dasyatis sp.	Sting ray	Maduwa
Sardinella gibbose	Gold-striped  sardinella	Saalaya
Istiophorus platypterus	Sailfish	Thalapath	Mayil meen	Pelagic
Harpadon nehereus	Bombay duck	Bombili		Benthopelagic
Chirocentrus dorab	Dorab wolf-herring	Katuwalla
Lactarius lactarius	False trevally	Pulunna	Suthumbu
Carangoides fulvoguttatusf	Yellow-spotted trevally	Thumba parawa	Manjal parai	Reef-associated
	Perch giant	Koduwa
		Anjila
Caranx ignobilis	Giant trevally	Parawa
	Krill	Kooni
Penaeus sp.	Shrimp/prawn	Issa
	Squid/Cuttle fish	Della
Freshwater Fish Species
Puntius filamentosus	Filamented barb	Pethiya		Freshwater
Etroplus suratensis	Pearl spot cichlid	Koraliya
Oreochromis mossambicus	Tilapia	Mozambique Tilapiya
Oreochromis niloticus	Nile tilapia	Batta
Glossogobius giuris	Bar eyed goby	Weligouwa
Channa striatus	Murrel	Loola
Hyporham	Half beak	Morella
Arius sp.	Catfish	Magura

(Source: NARA and NAqDA)

Annex 3: Maldive and dried fish processing methods in southern Sri Lanka

Maldive and dried fish processing methods in southern Sri Lanka

Area	Method
Pelena – Maldive fish	Washing—de-heading—skinned—eviscerated—degutted—washed—cut longitudinal-wise, middle bone kept one side and loin parts separated. Salt add to water, fish pieces boil for 10-15 minutes. Sundry after adding ash for one week (fresh fish: maldive fish—5:1)
Pelena - Maldive fish	Degutted—skinned—washed—cut—water boil with salt and goraka—add fish into the boiled water—parboiled for 10-15 minutes—squeeze to remove water using a piece of cotton cloth—add wood ash—sundry for 10 days
Gandara - Maldive fish	Degutted—skinned—washed—cut—cook in steam—squeeze to remove water—add wood ash—sundry for 7 days
IDB recommended - Maldive fish	Wash—de-headed—eviscerated(degutted)—wash—boil in seawater or salt solution—cool—de-skinned—smoke—sundry
Pelana-dried fish	Degutted—skinned—washed—cut longitudinal-wise—keedi(cut marks to increase salt absorption)—remove gills—salted—keep a day in clay pots—washed in salt water—sundry for one week (fresh:dried - 3:1)
Pelena–dried fish	Degutted—skinned—washed—cut longitudinal-wise—keedi—remove gills—salted (crushing into small granules)—keep in gunny bags (tank, inside a pit covered with cadjans or polythene)—keep for 14 days—wash in salt water—sundry for 7 days
Gandara	Degutted—remove gills—cut the backbone and stomach—keedi—add crushed salt—keep in gunny bags for 3 days—wash by sea water—sundry for one week
Bottu karawata- multiday boats	Degutted—skinned—washed—cut into two—washed in sea water—sundry

(Source: Pieris 2008)

Annex 4: Household expenditures on meat

Average monthly household expenditure on meat as a percentage of the total food basket of main food groups in Sri Lanka by district, 2016 (Source: Authors, based on DCS 2016)